Priorities for “implementation research” to reduce neonatal and child mortality in Egypt were proposed in a WHO-supported consultation in Cairo, Egypt, on 11–12 July 2011, following the systematic Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methodology. Thirty-one participants from the ministry of health, teaching and research institutions and international agencies (UNICEF and WHO) first reviewed and prioritized the barriers to implementation of public health interventions aimed at reducing deaths in neonates and children in the country. Next, they listed research questions to address those priority barriers. Finally, each participant individually scored each research question based on six criteria according to the CHNRI methodology. Ten top-ranking research issues with the highest agreement were identified in this way among all those listed in the previous step. A call for letters of intent for implementation research in the identified research priority areas will be made in two weeks’ time and widely disseminated in the country, including on this web site. The call will be open to any interested party in the country.