In Iraq, L. major zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases appear between December and March. In most cases lesions are located on the limbs. In case of outbreaks, lesions are large and multiple.

P. papatasi is the most probable vector. Rodent reservoirs have been poorly studied, although Meriones sp. is noted in most of the foci with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis human cases, especially in northern Iraq (Mosul province).

Improving surveillance and control measures in the current security situation represent a tremendous challenge.