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DCD
Bulletin: a
quarterly
publication
This
web-based
newsletter
will
disseminate
important
news,
events,
publications
and
announcements
relating to
communicable
diseases in
the Region.
Highlights
of the
second issue
include:
comment on
how WHO can
retain its
comparative
advantage
over other
agencies,
particularly
in relation
to achieving
Strategic
Objective 2
“To combat
HIV/AIDS,
tuberculosis
and
malaria”;
good news on
increased
vaccination
coverage in
Somalia; the
granting of
malaria-free
certification
to Morocco;
and
information
on the
floods in
Pakistan. We
welcome your
feedback and
contributions.
For queries
or
submission
of material,
please write
to:
DCD@emro.who.int
, inserting
“DCD
Bulletin”
into the
subject
line.
Results of the
sixthteenth selection committee meeting, 7-10 April, 2008:
The EMRO/TDR Small Grants Scheme funds 34 projects in
tropical and other communicable diseases.
More
Operational Research in Tropical and other Communicable Disease, SGS final report summaries 2007-2008
Results portfolio 4
Small Grants Scheme
Full text [pdf,
1mb]
Diagnostic and treatment
delay in tuberculosis
An
in-depth analysis of the health-seeking behaviour of
patients and health system response in seven countries of
the Eastern Mediterranean Region namely Egypt, Iran, Iraq,
Pakistan, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen. The
multi-country study was a technically and financially
supported by the EMRO/TDR small grants scheme for
operational research in tropical and other communicable
diseases during 2003-2004.
Full text [pdf, 775 kb]
(Posted 19 November 2006)
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DCD Newsletter, Issue No. 8, June 2006 |
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Division of
Communicable Disease Control annual report 2004
"The way forward"
Full
report (pdf, 1.68 MB)
DCD annual report 2002 (pdf, 4.3 MB)
A special issue of the EMHJ for tropical disease research incorporates
33 articles originating from EMRO/TDR small grants scheme projects
(EMHJ
Volume 9 No. 4, July 2003)
The
scientific impact of nations
The number of published research papers and reviews
and their citations is used as a measure of the quantity and
quality of science in different nations. This was based on the
data provided by Thomson ISI, previously known as the Institute
for Scientific Information, which indexes more than 8,000
journals in 36 languages, representing most significant material
in science and engineering.
This article shows that more efforts should be spent by the
World Health Organization to strengthen the research capacity in
developing countries.
Nature Vol 430, 15
July 2004
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Educational materials obtained from selected newly accepted and ongoing projects |
A manual
of active teaching skills in malaria education was the product of the Small
Grants Scheme project, SGS02/116 entitled: Improving training skills of
health workers about malaria training to people in Sistan and Baluchestan
province,
Iran.
The
manual is addressed to primary health care workers in order to enhance their
teaching skills about malaria.
Manual of Active Teaching Skills In Malaria
Education
SGS03/101: Role of the School teachers in Detection of Malaria among School
children: Study in East
Nile Province, Sudan.
A training manual on the symptoms and signs of malaria has been prepared and
the teachers of the intervention group were trained on the symptoms
associated with malaria, to take the oral temperature using digital
thermometers, and to fill a special referral form.
Training manual
SGS03/179: Towards eradication of Guinea Worm Disease among high risk groups
in Upper Nile Zone, Southern Sudan.
The educational materials used in this project consists of posters that
explained the mode of GWD transmission and preventive measures.
Posters -
flip posters
SGS02/143:Community based approach to control hydatid disease among nomads
in Khozestan province, Islamic Republic of Iran.
The educational component of this study aimed at
increasing community awareness regarding the diagnosis of infected animal,
transmission of cystic echinococcosis, role of infected dog in the life
cycle of the disease, different ways to prevent the disease among the
community, and signs and symptoms of the disease and its treatment.
Brochure [English]
[Persian]
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Selected research results of final reports submitted in 2003 |
Community-based approach to hydatid disease control among nomads in
Khuzestan Province, Islamic Republic of Iran
This
study confirmed the high endemicity of human cystic echinococcosis in the
nomadic population in Khuzestan. It also reported the effectiveness of
health education in increasing the knowledge of populations at risk, and
subsequently, their preventive behaviour.(proj02-143)
This study shows that the
transmission cycle of the filarial parasite by mosquitoes is seriously
impaired by the administration of annual single doses of a combined regimen
of DEC/ALB. It is recommended to sustain high MDA coverage rates to
eliminate filariasis as a public health problem in Egypt.
A new focus of zoonotic
cutaneous leishmaniasis was identified in Jovein and Davarzan rural
districts of Sabzvar county, north-east Islamic Republic of Iran. R.
opimus was the reservoir host and P. papatasi was the vector
among rodents and probably the vector to humans.
Based on the results of this study, the transmission of
zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Larkana district of Sindh province
seems to occur mainly in rural settlements. The seasonal changes in sandfly
population suggest that the disease is transmitted between mid-August and
end September when the sandfly population is declining and maximum parous
flies are found. Since P. papatasi is mainly exophilic as well as
exophagic, humans are at maximum risk outdoors. As most people in these
villages sleep outdoors, the likelihood is that transmission takes place
outdoors. Although no naturally infected P. papatasi was found during
the study, on the basis of circumstantial evidence P. papatasi can be
considered the only species involved in disease transmission in this area.
This study
reported the effectiveness of gametocytocidal drugs in the elimination of
the gametocyte reservoir during the dry season thereby reducing malaria
burden in the transmission season in areas with unstable transmission. It
also reported the high rates of subpatent infections and gametocyte carriage
in these areas.
The long time intervals
between onset of symptoms and treatment reported in the study were mainly
attributed to patient-related diagnostic delay rather than delay within the
health care system. The main study recommendations are to: increase
awareness in the community about chest symptoms, and the availability of
free diagnostic and therapeutic services; educate public and private health
care providers about national tuberculosis control guidelines; and increase
collaboration between both public and private sectors. (
The long time
interval between onset of symptoms and treatment reported in this study was
mainly attributed to patient-related diagnostic delay rather than delay
within the health care system.
Detection, follow-up
and treatment of cases of tuberculosis should be improved by: integrating
the tuberculosis
programme into other existing health services at all levels; involving
outreach community workers and other agencies working in health service
provision; and increasing community awareness through health education,
using appropriate channels. (