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Weekly Report on
Meningococcal Disease in Southern Sudan
Epidemiological week
no 8 (18-24 February 2007)
From 1 January to 24 February 2007, the Ministry of Health of the Government
of Southern Sudan reported 2,243 suspected cases of meningococcal disease
including 174 deaths (case-fatality rate: 7.75%) from eight out of ten
states in Southern Sudan. Some of these reported cases might have been
reported as early as October 2006. The population in the affected states
includes returnees as well as displaced people living in areas of difficult
access and disperse population settlements. Out of 24 cerebrospinal fluid
specimens collected from the affected states, 12 samples have tested
positive for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup- A by culture.
Table-1: Meningococcal disease reported from Southern Sudan
Epidemiological week 8
(18-24 February 2007)
|
States |
New
cases reported during current week |
New
deaths reported during current week |
CFR (%) |
Number
of Payams* reached/exceeded alert thresholds till the current week
|
Number
of Payams reached/exceeded epidemic thresholds till the current
week |
Cumulative cases
upto week no 8 |
Cumulative deaths
upto week no 8 |
Overall case
fatality rate |
|
|
|
Central Equatoria |
67td>
|
1 |
1.49% |
3 |
3 |
508 |
26 |
5.11% |
|
Eastern Equatoria |
27 |
0 |
0% |
0 |
1 |
129 |
8 |
6.20% |
|
Western Equatoria |
NA |
NA |
0% |
1 |
1 |
123 |
12 |
9.75% |
|
Warrap |
37 |
1 |
2.7% |
1 |
1 |
452 |
34 |
7.52% |
|
Northern Bahar El Gazal |
204 |
0 |
0% |
2 |
3 |
532 |
31 |
5.82% |
|
Western Bahar El Gazal |
NA |
NA |
0% |
0 |
0 |
97 |
9 |
9.27% |
|
Junglie |
30td>
|
3 |
10% |
0 |
0 |
107 |
11 |
10.28% |
|
Lakes |
5 |
0 |
0% |
0 |
2 |
295 |
43 |
14.57% |
|
Total |
370 |
5 |
1.35 |
7 |
11 |
=SUM(ABOVE) 2243 |
=SUM(ABOVE)
=SUM(ABOVE) 174 |
7.75%% |
Source: WHO Office in Juba. NA: Not available. * Payams are smaller
districts having population between 30,000 to 100,000
Alert thresholds: cases more than 5/100,000 in a week. Epidemic
threshold: cases more than 15/100,000 in a week
NB: Due to delayed and irregular reporting flow as well as communication
problem with many of the affected states, data presented here should be
regarded as preliminary unless revised/corrected in the next weekly report.
During the current week (epi week no 8), 370 suspected cases including 5
deaths (CFR: 1.35%) were reported from meningococcal disease. A total of 7
Payams have reached/exceeded alert thresholds so far while 11 Payams have,
so far, reached/exceeded epidemic threshold for meningitis epidemics in the
Southern Sudan.
The Federal Ministry of Health, through the Ministry of Health (MoH) of the
Government of Southern Sudan (GoSS), has rapidly responded to the situation.
A task force has been set up at the federal level as well as at the state
level to coordinate emergency health response operations to these small
multifocal epidemics in the southern Sudan. WHO Country office in Sudan is
fully involved in extending its technical support to the FMOH and to the
Ministry of Health of the Government of Southern Sudan for control and
management of these mutifocal epidemics.
Several field investigations have been conducted by both the FMOH and the
MoH/GoSS for case detection through mobilization of rapid response teams.
Case management has been standardized in all the affected states, community
mobilization and health education are ongoing and surveillance has been
strengthened to ensure early case detection and monitoring of the epidemic.
A mass immunization campaign with bivalent AC vaccines targeting 609,848
high-risk population in those payams which have exceeded epidemic thresholds
have already begun.
The WHO Country Office has already supported the FMOH of the Government of
Sudan to maintain an emergency stockpile of oily chloramphenicol drug (CAF)
as well as outbreak investigation supplies like transport media, LP kits and
rapid test kits. Moreover, epidemic preparedness for meningococcal disease,
particularly surveillance for epidemic meningitis has been enhanced in all
the high risk states of Northern Sudan.
Map
showing case fatality rate of meningitis by countries in southern Sudan
1 January to 25 February 2007
[pdf, 559kb]
Map
showing Payams which have crossed alert and epidemic thresholds during the
reporting period
(1 January to 25 February 2007), southern Sudan
[pdf, 659 kb]
Map showing cumulative attack rate of meningitis by countries in southern
Sudan
1 January to 25 February 2007
[pdf, 592 kb]
Distribution of meningitis cases and deaths per state in southern Sudan
1 January to 25 February 2007
[pdf, 464 kb]
Distribution of meningitis cases by countries in southern Sudan
1 January to 25 February 2007
[pdf, 723 kb]
Distribution of meningitis cases by countries in southern Sudan that have
reached/exceeded alert and epidemic threshold from 1 January to 3 February 2007
[pdf, 372 kb]
Distribution of meningitis cases by countries in southern Sudan that have
reached/exceeded alert epidemic threshold from 1 January to 3 February 2007
[pdf, 396 kb]
Map showing
cumulative attack rate of meningitis by countries in southern Sudan from 1
January to 3 February 2007
[pdf, 343 kb]
Map showing countries in southern Sudan which have reached/exceeded alert
and epidemic threshold from 1 January to 3 February 2007
[pdf, 364 kb]
Distribution of meningitis cases and deaths per state in southern Sudan: 15
October 2006 to 3 February 2007
[pdf, 289 kb]
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