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  1. Noncommunicable diseases
  2. STEPwise surveillance

Implementation of STEPwise surveillance (STEPS)of NCD risk factors in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Fifteen countries of the 22 countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region have published the results of their STEPS survey in country reports, fact sheets, journal articles, presentations or posters. Table 1 provides access to the latest available country reports.

Table 1.

 Member State

Last conducted STEP Survey

 country report

 Member State

Never Implemented

 Bahrain

 2007

2007 STEPS report

 Afghanistan

 Never Implemented

Egypt

2005

2012 (2nd Round)

 2011–2012 STEPs report

Djibouti

Never Implemented

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

2009

 2009 STEPS report

Pakistan

Never Implemented

Iraq

2006

 2006 STEPS report

Morocco

Never Implemented

Jordan

2007

 
2007 STEPs factsheet

Jordan National Stepwise Survey (STEPS) for Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors 2019

Somalia

Never Implemented

Kuwait

2006

2013 ( 2nd round)

 2006 STEPs report

South Sudan

Never Implemented

Libya

2009

 2009 STEPs report

united Arab of Emirates

Never Implemented

Lebanon

2010

 2009–2010 STEPs report

Yemen

Never Implemented

Tunis

2005

 Survey conducted in 2005

 

 

Oman

2006 (Sub national)

 2006 STEPS report

 

 

Palestine

2011

 Survey conducted in 2010–2011

 

 

Qatar

2012

 Survey conducted in 2012

STEPs fact sheet 2012

 

 

Saudi Arabia

2005

2013  (2nd round)

 2005 STEPs report, SAA

 

 

Sudan

2006

 2005–2006 Sudan Report

 

 

Syria

2003

 2003 STEPs report, Syria

 

 

STEPwise surveillance

Logo for STEPwise surveillance showing some steps against tthe backdrop of a globeThe WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance is a simple, standardized method for collecting, analysing and disseminating data in WHO member countries.

By using the same standardized questions and protocols, all countries can use STEPS information not only for monitoring within-country trends, but also for making comparisons across countries. The approach encourages the collection of small amounts of useful information on a regular and continuing basis.

There are currently two primary STEPS surveillance systems: the STEPwise approach to risk factor surveillance; and the STEPwise approach to stroke surveillance.

Risk factor surveillance

Stroke surveillance

Regional situation

In the Eastern Mediterranean Region, noncommunicable diseases and injuries accounted for 50% and 11% of all deaths in 2005, respectively. The prevalence of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases is high in most countries of the Region.

Data collected by the STEPwise survey among adults, aged 15–65 years, in the Region showed that almost one quarter of the adult population was found to be hypertensive. A high prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia was noted with a range between 20% and 40% (4). Furthermore, 6 out of 10 countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes in the world are from the Region – Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.

Overweight and obesity are potent risk factors for noncommunicable diseases and they are major contributors to premature deaths. Compiled data for adults, aged above 15 years, from the Region show the highest levels of overweight in Bahrain, Kuwait, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Jordan, where the prevalence of overweight/obesity ranges from between 74% and 86% in women and 69% and 77% in men. The escalating level of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents is of particular concern, given the fact that changes in food habits are evident in all Eastern Mediterranean countries.

Prevalence of NCDs & risk factors

STEPWise survey implementation by country

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